Infinities and Singularities

One of the great advantages of a strict particle model of physics is that it requires discrete rather than continuous math to work out formulas at the limits. Instead of an infinite number of possible wavelengths, we have particles filling the void of space. The electric force, the magnetic force and gravity are all limited by a finite number of particles.

This means that we cannot end up with any infinities when calculating forces related to real objects. We cannot end up with black hole singularities of infinite density for the simple reason that there are no infinities we can draw upon in the realm of particle physics. Nor do we end up with infinite energy at the zero-point level. A strict particle model of physics has space full of particles, not wavelengths. If we add up all the energies of all the particles, we get a finite number, not the infinity that we get when adding up an infinite number of wavelengths.

When we have forces communicated by particles, we get the very interesting result that there cannot be any forces acting between objects that are so close to each other that no particle can find its way in between them. A proton attracts an electron, only when the electron is at a distance from it. An electron that is physically resting on top of a proton experiences no force. The only attraction at such an intimate distance is the Velcro-effect. This is a far cry from the infinite attraction that we end up with if we model the electric force as a continuous field.

Instead of infinities and singularities, we get zero. Coulomb's Law breaks down. The probability of collisions in the aether between two charged objects goes to zero rather than infinity when they get extremely close to each other. Similarly, gravity will stop behaving in a continuous manner the moment we move towards extreme conditions. With no aether between the particles involved, the gravitational force goes to zero, not infinity.

An electron in an aether of zero-point particles

Lightning, Positrons and Fossilization

According to conventional theory on fossilization, the process of turning a dead animal or plant into a fossil takes thousands, if not millions of years. The original organism decays, leaving an in-print that is filled with material that turns into rock over time.

However, this does not fit well with reports of fossils that appear to have been produced in an instance. Complete animals, including soft tissue features, have been found fossilized, sometimes in an upright and alert state. This does not rhyme well with the official story. Nor do modern tools found locked in supposedly ancient rocks make any sense, unless the process of fossilization is much quicker than currently assumed.

Instead of a gradual process of replacement, we appear to be looking at an instantaneous process of transmutation, powerful enough to turn bones, shell and even carbon to stone.

This requires high energy, and preferably an abundance of positrons, which is exactly what we have in lightning bolts. Rapid fossilization may therefore be a result of lightning strikes. Particularly potent in this respect would be ground to cloud lightning, where positrons move towards Earth and electrons move up.

Lightning

By Griffinstorm - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, Link

Photons and Static Electricity

Photons get polarized by magnetic fields. This has been known since Faraday made this discovery back in 1845. However, no similar effect occurs when photons travel through an electric field. At least, I've never come across any such findings.

This is strange, because all models of light include a directional electric element. There should be some detectable effect when static electricity is applied to light.

The conventional wave model of light suggests to us that the amplitude of the wave should be alternately stretched out and compressed as it travels through the static field. To avoid this, the wave should align in a polarized manner, vertical to the field.

A dielectric model of the photon, such as the one proposed in my book, also suggest that a polarizing effect should occur. Photons should align along the electric field in much the same way photons align along a magnetic field.

But static electricity has no polarizing effect on light. Nothing happens when a static electric field is applied to a vacuum. All that happens as we steadily increase the strength of the field is that we eventually get a discharge between the electrically charged plates. This happens when the electric field becomes so strong that electrons get pulled off of the negatively charged plate.

Perhaps the reason we see no polarizing effect of an electric field is that we get an electric discharge before the field is strong enough to cause measurable polarization. Furthermore, electric discharges in vacuum are frequently accompanied by the production of positrons and gamma rays. This suggests a break down of the aether. Instead of being polarized, photons get ripped apart. There is electron-positron production...

Photon in the aether, ripped apart into an electron-positron pair

... followed by gamma rays as the positrons recombine with electrons:

Positron recombining with an electron to produce a gamma-ray photon

It should be noted that electron-positron pairs constitute a highly conductive plasma, which allows for a very quick discharge between electrically charged plates. Positrons will rush towards the negatively charged plate, while electrons rush towards the positively charged plate.

In the brief period that the electron-positron pairs exist, a complete discharge can occur, and recent research into the nature of lightning strikes strongly suggest that this is exactly what happens in thunder storms.

Gamma Rays in Space

It has long been known that space is full of gamma ray sources. These include one off events such as supernovas and repeating events such as pulsars. There are also gamma rays coming from our Sun, and the center of our galaxy has two huge gamma ray sources extending above and below.

Typical ways to bring about gamma rays are through high energy collisions and electron-positron annihilation. Since positrons are a little hard to find, it has generally been assumed that most gamma rays are due to high energy explosions, implosions and collisions. However, the sheer number of gamma ray sources indicate that there must be something else going on. There must be some simple, and largely ignored, mechanism in which gamma rays can be produced.

As it turns out, we do know of a natural phenomenon that produces both positrons and gamma rays. Recent research into lightning here on Earth has shown that these exotic particles are intimately related to this rather common phenomenon.

It does not require a lot of imagination to deduce from this that the majority of gamma rays coming from space may be due to similar mechanisms. Pulsars may be flashing due to repeating discharges between two stars orbiting each other in a binary arrangement. Supernovas may emit gamma rays due to electric activity rather than kinetic implosion, and the two orbs observed above and below our own galaxy may be a gigantic z-pinch.

By Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center - http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/GLAST/news/new-structure.html, Public Domain, Link

Polarizing Filters

This post is in response to this YouTube video in which polarizing filters are explained based on principles from conventional quantum mechanics.

As we can see from the video, clear polarizing glass lets through a surprisingly large percentage of regular light, considering that it blocks out 100% of light polarized at exactly 90 degrees to the filter. From direct observation, it appears that more than 90 percent of regular light is let through the filter.

If we apply a second filter to the light shone through the first filter, we see that we can block out 100 percent by holding the second filter at a 90 degree angle to the first one. This second observation tells us that ordinary light shone through the first filter has become close to perfectly polarized.

These two facts together tell us that polarizing glass does not merely block out light of a certain polarization, it re-orients light that comes in at an angle less than 90 degree in such a way that all light passed through the polarizing glass becomes polarized.

This explains why a single pane of polarizing glass lets through more than 90 percent of regular light, while 100% of all light can be blocked by applying two such panes at 90 degree angle to each other.

It also explains the rather counter-intuitive fact that if we have three panes of polarizing glass laid on top of each other at 45 degree angles, light is let through even though the total polarization adds up to 90 degrees. This is because two panes at 45 degree angle to each other let through about 70 percent of all light. A further 45 degrees re-orientation will therefore let through 70 percent of the original 70 percent. In total, we get that such an arrangement lets through about 50 percent of all light.

All of this fits perfectly with the two orb model of the photon in that such a model gives the photon orientation. Photons are little sticks that can pass through polarizing filters whenever oriented sufficiently in line with the polarizing glass. Adding pilot wave theory to this, we get the additional help of an aether to guide the photons through the glass. We do not need to accept the inherent weirdness of conventional quantum mechanics in order to explain what we see.

Polarizing filter letting through more than 90 percent of regular light while filtering out close to 100 percent of reflected, polarized light.

By Sbittante at English Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, Link