Electricity in a copper wire is transmitted as a wave. Electrons are not moving much. They push on each other. An alternating current transmits energy like a Newton's cradle. A direct current transmits energy more like a hydraulic pump. Either way, energy is delivered pretty much instantaneously.
The other way of transmitting electric energy would be to send an electron or a charged ion physically through space. This is how plasma works in space. In the absence of an efficient conductor, electricity is transmitted kinetically.
Since the kinetic way of transmitting electricity is the easiest to envision, it serves as a good way to explore Ampère's right-hand grip rule.
Ampère noted in his work on electricity that an electric current would produce a circular magnetic field around itself. This curious fact is exploited in electric motors and generators. It is a basic rule of physics.
Low energy photons are for some reason polarized around a current in such a way that they curl around the direction of electric flow.
Having come to the conclusion that the electron can be seen as an object full of hoops at its exterior, while the photon is an object consisting of both hoops and hooks, we can easily explain the right hand rule as it applies to electrons.
An electron, or negatively charge ion, moving through a space full of low energy photons will catch more photons head on than from behind. All of these photons will start spinning with their axis parallel to the electron. The electron will leave a wake of photons behind it, all spinning in such a way that their axis line up to form a circle.
This is exactly what Ampère's right-hand grip rule says.
However, there remains a problem. In a plasma current, we know that free electrons move in one direction while positive ions move in the other direction, yet the magnetic field is always spinning in the same direction.
Unfortunately for us, this cannot be easily explained with a model of the photon as a spinning roller.
We can only explain the circular nature of the magnetic fields. We cannot explain their direction.
The solution to this problem lies in the structure of the photon, and the way that it spins.
The photon does not spin as a single roller, but as two orbs spinning with equal speed in opposite direction of each other. This explains why the magnetic field produced by an electron moving to the left is identical to the magnetic field produced by a positive ion moving to the right.
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| Ampère's right-hand grip rule |
Low energy photons are for some reason polarized around a current in such a way that they curl around the direction of electric flow.
Having come to the conclusion that the electron can be seen as an object full of hoops at its exterior, while the photon is an object consisting of both hoops and hooks, we can easily explain the right hand rule as it applies to electrons.
An electron, or negatively charge ion, moving through a space full of low energy photons will catch more photons head on than from behind. All of these photons will start spinning with their axis parallel to the electron. The electron will leave a wake of photons behind it, all spinning in such a way that their axis line up to form a circle.
 |
| Electron moving through space |
This is exactly what Ampère's right-hand grip rule says.
However, there remains a problem. In a plasma current, we know that free electrons move in one direction while positive ions move in the other direction, yet the magnetic field is always spinning in the same direction.
Unfortunately for us, this cannot be easily explained with a model of the photon as a spinning roller.
We can only explain the circular nature of the magnetic fields. We cannot explain their direction.
The solution to this problem lies in the structure of the photon, and the way that it spins.
The photon does not spin as a single roller, but as two orbs spinning with equal speed in opposite direction of each other. This explains why the magnetic field produced by an electron moving to the left is identical to the magnetic field produced by a positive ion moving to the right.
 |
| Two orb model of the photon |
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