Both the neutrino and the photon travel at the speed of light, so a neutrino can never overtake a photon from behind. The only way there can be interaction between a photon and a neutrino is through collisions from the front and the sides.
The question then emerges as to how a photon traveling straight up from our planet can be affected by neutrinos carrying the net charge neutrality information described in my previous blog post.
The answer to this lies in what happens when charge carrying neutrinos bouncing off our planet's atoms meet incoming neutral neutrinos.
Let's say a neutrino has bounced off an atomic nucleus, and is on its way out into space when it meets a neutral neutrino in a collision.
What happens in this case is that the information carried by the outgoing neutrino is shared with the incoming neutrino as a reversal. If the outgoing photon is fluffy, the incoming photon becomes hooky, and visa versa. The total information is unchanged because the vector sum of the information carried by the two neutrinos averages out to the information carried by the single neutrino before the collision.
It is only when there is a collision between two oppositely charged neutrinos of equal magnitude that the net charge of both returns to zero. Neutrinos do not cancel each other out, they average out their charge with other neutrinos as they progress through space. This explains why so many different "flavors" of neutrinos have been discovered. There's basically an infinite number of possible combinations.
This also means that the information about the internals of massive bodies carried by outgoing neutrinos are shared with incoming neutrinos. Outgoing photons meet a storm of incoming neutrinos carrying positive and negative charge that average out to zero.
Due to the tiny imbalance between positive and negative charge in the way they react with neutral matter, such as photons, the net overall effect on the photon is drag in the form of under-pressure behind it. Unable to slow down, outgoing photons have no choice but to loose some of their energy through shrinkage to keep their speed. The outgoing photons thus experience a red-shift.
Conversely, there is under-pressure in front of incoming photons, so they have to blue-shift in order to keep their speed constant.
Photons passing a massive object will experience under-pressure at the inside. They bend towards the massive object as if space was curved.
However, there is no curved space. All that is happening is that neutrinos interact with photons in the exact same way that they interact with massive objects. The imbalance of the universe creates a tiny bit of under-pressure between all dielectric bodies, including the photon.
Photons affected by gravity |
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