Conventional relativity explains this by curving space and time, a concept that is hard to even imagine.
The Velcro universe on the other hand can point to two sources for the difference.
First of all, an astronaut taking with himself a clock into space has energy added to him and his clock in order to get out there in the first place. This makes him and his clock a little bigger, and slower.
Secondly, photons are affected by gravity while neutrinos are not. This is a feature of the Velcro universe. In this theory, neutrinos carry the electric/gravitational force. As carriers of a force, they cannot at the same time be affected by it.
This means that there is a higher density of photons on Earth than in space. This makes things slightly smaller on Earth than in space, even if energy was not a factor.
Clock in space is larger than clock on Earth
Time goes slower in space due to more energy and more neutrinos relative to photons. Again, we see that there is no need to bend space and time. It can just as well be explained by particles and their sizes.
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